Practical electrical substation safety for engineers. Substations a substation is a highvoltage electric system facility. Many failures can be detected during the electrical substation maintenance routines, reducing the risk of significant plant downtime, and preventing future problems. Example of substation design electrical part 65 14. Electrical substation an electrical substation is a subsidiary station of an electricity generation, transmission and distribution system where voltage is transformed from high to low or the reverse using transformers. A mini project report on operation and maintenance of 2202kv substation submitted in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of bachelor of technology in electrical and electronics engineering submitted by v. A substation is a part of an electrical generation, transmission, and distribution system. Over view of line and substation maintenance insulator. In a substation there are numbers of incoming and outgoing circuits each having its isolator, circuit breaker, transformers etc. Substation interview questions answers engineering tutorial. What is a electrical substation definition, layout, and.
Safety maintenance procedures in electrical substations needed to become a main consideration in order to reduce needless suffering and sustain a consistent workforce. This pdf contains 77 electrical inspection checklists taken from the 2014 electrical inspection manual with checklists. Electrical equipment, maintenance scheduling, maintenance, annunciators and alarms, arresters, batteries, bushings. The results of the survey revealed that the utility follows a timebased ma intenance concept.
Spectrums complete substation maintenance and repair services include. Pdf maintenance and operation of an electrical substation of 220. Handson labs are a major part of this course to help the technician locate weak or faulty components in the substation systems. Solutions for electrical substation maintenance a well planned electrical substation maintenance assures reliable supply and reduction in failures. A mini project report on operation and maintenance of 2202kv power substation. Currently, substation maintenance regular or emergencyoperations and best practices must fit the utilitys goal of accomplishing more with less, in order to maximize assets and minimize outages. A preventive maintenance checklist for electrical distribution systems in commercial buildings. Standard for an electrical preventive maintenance epm. Center to start a substation predictive maintenance program.
Electrical general services substation is a distribution substation from which electric supply is distributed to the different users. It has been well documented that failures in key procedures such as racking mechanisms, meters, relays and busses are among the most common source of unplanned outages. The course topics range from advanced transformer electrical testing and assessment, onload tap changer design and application, bushings, circuit breakers. Electrical preventive maintenance epm program electrical related fires are a common occurrence. Wisconsin that provides wholesale electrical energy to 25 member cooperatives and. Tennessee valley authority, chattanooga, tennessee. Electric utilities are thus required to develop and maintain sound power networks. This section provides additional requirements for substations and for work performed in them. Electrical distribution and control systems are the heart of any facility, yet it is often the most underappreciated utility. Without a reliable source of electrical power, operations of any facility would not be possible. The substation receives electrical energy directly from generating stations through incoming power supply lines while it delivers electricity to the consumers.
We started with an entrance meeting before a substation survey. Substation maintenance best practices electricity today. It is used to switch generators, equipment, and circuits or lines in and out of a system. High voltage substation question for electrical engineer interview. An electrical substation is an installation with electrical equipment capable of interrupting or establishing electrical circuits and changing the voltage, frequency, or other characteristics of the electrical energy flowing in the circuits. The need of keeping the reliability of power systems requires suitable substation maintenance. Abb supports customers developing pragmatic longterm maintenance management strategies to improve reliability, minimize service disruptions, enable. As such it is desirable to perform various preventative maintenance activities to ensure the transformer maintains a high level of performance and a long functional life. Substation maintenance this fiveday lecture and demonstration course is a comprehensive overview of the maintenance requirements of power and distribution substations. Maintenance of substation equipment table of contents. Every year, electrical fires result in hundreds of deaths, thousands of injuries and hundreds of millions of dollars in property damage. A mini project report on operation and maintenance of 220 2kv substation submitted in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of. Basic substation configurations and the components. Standard for an electrical preventive maintenance epm program page 410 connections.
A mini project operation and maintenance of a 2202 kv. The manual is applicable for all substation projects regardless of internalexternal design delivery mode. Most of the equipment in a sub station is provided with sufficient insulation from breaking down, yet others like bus bars, terminations of high voltage equipment, the equipment connected to takeof structures etc. The checklists are intended to help inspectors keep track of the numerous aspects of an electrical installation. Apply to technician, designer, operations manager and more. Substation maintenance inspection checklist fulcrum. Remove any corrosion on battery terminals with bicarbonate of soda. Maintenance tests are performed for contact resistance, timing. Maintenance of a substation is essential to ensure uninterrupted electric supply to the using.
The dielectric coolant shall be nontoxic, non bioaccumulating and be readily and completely biodegradable per epa oppts 835. The manual is prepared on the basis of power safety rules handbook and gerc power system safety standard by making necessary modifications. Maintenance basis utilizing the epri tier classification for the substation. This course provides an overview for apprentices, technicians and engineers responsible for the maintenance and testing of industrial and utility substations. General specifications for the marina power distribution substation. Handbook on maintenance of electrical general services substation. Over view of line and substation maintenance free download as powerpoint presentation. A survey on the substation maintenance practices in a saudi electric utility was carried out. Pdf substation preventive maintenance manual prepared by. Scheduled inspections, examining, diagnostic tests and troubleshooting.
Electrical substation components list diagram, working. When exposed to sustained or intense electrical arcs, sf6 gas decomposes to form sulfur. Solutions for electrical substation maintenance smc. This is skilled electrical work in the maintenance and operation of high. Substation maintenance technician city of boulder city. The employer shall provide and maintain sufficient access and working space about electric equipment to permit ready and safe operation and maintenance of such equipment by employees. Substation maintenance i substation maintenance ii when registering use promo code. When exposed to sustained or intense electrical arcs, sf6 gas decomposes to form sulfurfluoride gases and metalfluorides, which are toxic. The substation design manual is not intended to replace asset management standards, but rather. It details the electrical hazards which must be managed to ensure the safety of personnel when working in switchyards, substations, high voltage areas including cable tunnels, general. Improving substation maintenance best practices for greater success.
Course focus is on medium voltage circuit breakers air. Manual for transmission lines and substation construction. There is numerous electrical substation components like outgoing and incoming circuitry each of which having its circuit breakers, isolators, transformers, and busbar system etc for the smooth functioning of the. The electricity substation is a network of electrical equipment which is connected in a structured way in order to supply electricity to end consumers. This bulletin is an update and revision of previous rea bulletin 651, design guide for rural substations revised june 1978. This 3day substation maintenance and diagnostics training course is led by a group of industry experts presenting on the installation, maintenance, testing, and diagnostics of key equipment. On stranded cable, if ends are corroded, cut off ends or separate strands and clean internally. It also is used to change ac voltages from one level to another, andor change alternating current to direct current or direct current to alternating current. The checklists are in pdf format and can be completed electronically or printed and used as hard copy. The electrical substation does not have a single circuit but is composed of numerous outgoing and incoming circuits which are connected to a busbar i. It begins with an introduction to power distribution schemes and explains the purpose of substations. For latest authorized version, please refer to the national grids infonet substation services web site substation maintenance electrical operating procedure a. Critical substation risk assessment and mitigation.
Property damage andor physical injuries due to electrical fires can be devastating. Between the generating station and consumer, electric power may flow through several substations at different voltage levels. Design electrical testing troubleshooting high voltage or connection voltage substation apparatus problems. Additionally, electric utilities were faced with high costs associated from unfinished materials waste, downtime to the process, and increasing insurance premiums. A failure of only one substation equipment can cause a grid collapse, which may cost a large time and money to solve, so that the substation maintenance programs limit the risk of unexpected outages by identifying and preventing. It seemed we had the equipment, but we were missing two key elements of communication and documentation. Electrical testing substation maintenance high voltage. Along with our recommendations, weve included survey results of maintenance schedules from individuals within the electrical. A power transformer requires various routine maintenance. Substations transform voltage from high to low, or the reverse, or perform any of several other important functions. All rus borrowers rus electric staff effective date. A power transformer is the most costly and essential equipment piece of equipment within an electrical substation. Handbook on maintenance of electrical general services.
Manual for transmission lines and substation construction and maintenance activities volume i best management practices volume ii permits prepared for. This document supports the power system safety rules and its requirements assembled under work in substations general. Typical inspection and diagnosis processes of the electrical substation maintenance includes, among others, transformers, breakers, protection relays, wiring and. The maintenance of the electrical equipment in substations plays a major role in. Substation preventive maintenance manual prepared by international resources group. Maintenance and operation of an electrical substation of. Substation single line diagram sld a single line diagram sld of an electrical system is the line diagram of the concerned electrical system which includes all the required electrical equipment connection sequence wise from the point of entrance of power up to the end of the scope of the mentioned work. Best management practice bmp manual february 2007.
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